Self-adapting motion cueing algorithm based on a kinematics reference model

Due to a number of advantages over traditional development methods, the importance of dynamic driving simulators in automotive research and development has grown continuously in recent years. Motion simulation via motion cueing algorithms contributes significantly to the driving experience and provides the driver with valuable information about the current driving dynamics. The adaptation and tuning process of these algorithms can be difficult and timeconsuming tasks. It needs to be repeated after changes to the vehicle or driving scenario. This paper discusses and presents an adaptive or rather self-adapting motion cueing algorithm (MCA) concept. The approach is based on the integration of a kinematic reference model to dynamically and adaptively adjust the motion behavior dynamically and adaptively. This concept allows to reduce the parameter tuning effort drastically in long term, since the algorithm can adapt itself to different conditions such as vehicle type, driving situation, or driver behavior. In the following, the proposed algorithm structure is explained and illustrated. The advantages of the proposed MCA are demonstrated by an experimental comparison with a classical algorithm. Thereby it is shown how a self-adaptation of the algorithm can proceed and how to avoid violation of workspace boundaries

Modeling the GPRS Network Latency with a Double Pareto-lognormal or a Generalized Beta Distribution

Taking a newly collected large data set on the TCP connection termination latency in GPRS networks we try to identify the underlying statistical distribution. The data extends the observed latencies to large time scales necessitating a heavy-tail distribution. Many distributions work well for the main body of the data. However, the heavy tail of the distribution benefits from mixing different statistical distributions. We compare several distributions and find that the double Pareto-lognormal distribution and the generalized Beta distribution of the second kind fit the data equally well

Network-wide Measurement of TCP RTT in 2G Networks

We analyze existing server-side log data of a large scale automatic toll system to measure the TCP round-trip-time (RTT) as experienced by the communication between the central system and the on-board units (OBUs) deployed for tolling heavy-goods vehicles. The RTT is estimated from passive monitoring by parsing server-side log files and aggregating fleet-wide statistics over time. Using this data we compare the characteristics of the four different types of OBU and the three GPRS (2G) networks used. We find the RTT data to be consistent with existing, smaller samples and extend the observed RTT range by an order of magnitude. The OBU types exhibit a markedly different behavior, most notably for long RTTs, and we find one of the 2G networks to -˜hum’ at 50 Hz and harmonics

Network-Wide Measurement of GPRS Bandwidth and Latency

Complementing a recently collected large data set on the TCP connection termination latency in GPRS networks we analyze server-side log data generated in a large scale automatic toll system to observe the network bandwidth. After a recent architectural change the on-board units (OBUs) record GPS tracks and transmit track data to the central system for processing rather than transmitting the toll data after local processing. The bandwidth in upload direction is estimated from the server-side log entries and corrected for the network latency. The data collected allows comparing the performance of seven types of OBUs in three GPRS networks over time. While the three networks differ in the average bandwidth offered, the biggest performance impact is the OBU type where modems with the same specification yield different upload rates. In addition we update the GPRS network latency data by fitting two statistical distributions, improving markedly on the prior results

Educational landscapes in campus form from a school perspective

Bildungslandschaften sollen informelle und formelle Bildungsprozesse ermöglichen. Die Campus-Form wird dabei vielerorts als Idealvorstellung angesehen. Sie soll eine engere Zusammenarbeit von Schulen und anderen Bildungseinrichtungen in hierfür geeigneten Architekturen und Außenräumen unterstützen. Sozialräumliche Aspekte sowie die Verknüpfung von Quartiersentwicklung und Bildungswesen spielen dabei eine wesentliche Rolle. Die Bedeutung der Campus-Form wird in diesem Artikel anhand von Interviews mit Schulakteur*innen herausgearbeitet. (DIPF/Orig.)Educational landscapes aim to facilitate both informal and formal educational processes. Commonly, the campus form is seen as an ideal concept. It is intended to facilitate closer cooperation between schools and other educational actors by providing adequate architectures and outdoor spaces. Socio-spatial aspects as well as the linking of neighborhood development and education play an important role. The significance of the campus will be elaborated in this article based on interviews with school actors. (DIPF/Orig.

Several kinds of aminoxyl radicals and their metal ion complexes

Recent results of magnetization, magnetic susceptibility and muon spin rotation/relaxation (mu SR) measurements of some organic neutral radicals based on aminoxyl and their anion radical complexes with alkali and transition metal cations are reported. Ferromagnetic intermolecular interactions, coexistent with antiferromagnetic ones, in several carboxyaryl nitronyl nitroxide radicals are affected by inserting alkali metal ions, while the incorporation of transition metal ions result in complex behavior suggesting in part ferromagnetic interactions. Temperature dependence of spontaneous magnetization of TANOL suberate in the ordered state, obtained through the results of ASR measurements, is characteristic of a two-dimensional magnetic lattice, consistent with that of magnetic susceptibility above the ordering temperature